CS253: Problem Solving with C++

• Help with HW0
• Logging in
• Editing files
• Using g++

Attend as needed this week only

All reading is from Weiss
Ch. 0: Introduction
Ch. 1: Basic Types & Control Structures

Do the reading before class for the week.

• Syllabus
• RDS
• Discuss HW0
• Origins of C++
• Programming Language History
• References:
  • http://cplusplus.com
  • http://cppreference.com
  • http://dinkumware.com/manuals
• We’re learning C++, not g++
• Standard C++—says who?
• Java vs. C++: Which is better?

• Java/C++ differences
• “That's C, not C++”
• int main()
• int/char/float/double/bool
• Declaration looks like use
• scope: local/global/{}
• C++ doesn’t have a stack

• Discuss HW1
• stack vs. heap vs. static memory
• const
• if/while/for
• using namespace std;
• <stdio.h> vs. <cstdio>
• intro to iostreams
• Casting, old & new style

Using bash

• string
• string vs. C-style strings
• getline vs. «istream::getline(cpp)»
• Cheaters Never Prosper

• Review HW1
• functions
• call-by value/reference/const reference
• passing arrays
• function overloading
• default parameters
• Overloaded functions; name mangling using nm & c++filt

• vector
  • member functions
  • «vector::max_size(cpp)» vs. «vector::size(cpp)» vs. «vector::capacity(cpp)»
• vector vs. C-style arrays
• pointers/references and addresses, pointer scaling/arithmetic
• new/delete/new[]/delete[]
• garbage collection
• NULL/0
• dangling/stale pointers
• double delete
• abandoned memory
• alpha->beta vs. gamma.delta

Debugging Lab

Ch. 3: Pointers, References, new & delete
Section 11.5: Cmd-Line Arguments

• Today is the last drop day
• Quiz 1
• HW2, which will be much harder than HW1.
• Command-line arguments

• int i=2, j = ++i * ++i;
• Our friend, post-increment
• Array names are pointers
• if ("b" > "a")
• int *****horrible;
• local static variables
• Call-by-reference, revisited

• struct vs. class
• data members
• function members (methods)
• public/protected/private, friends

• Complex class example
• ctors, dtors, copy ctor, operator=

• Review HW2
• initializer lists (example)
• static members (example)
• const member functions (example)
• conversion functions (example)
• explicit (example)

• C++ is extensible, not mutable
• Operator overloading, member vs. non-member

• Review for midterm

• First midterm

• Review the midterm
• Inheritance (is-a) vs. composition (has-a)
• Calling methods in base class (example)
• Base class in initialization list
• copy ctor in derived class calls copy ctor in base class
• operator= in derived class calls operator= in base class
• typedef for base class alias instead of super
• Slicing

• Discuss HW3
• operator++ & operator++(int) in greek & Complex
• Polymorphism (example)
• Virtual functions / virtual dtors / dynamic dispatch (example)
• dynamic_cast

• #include guards
• Pure virtual method
• Abstract base class as interface

• Copy ctor vs. operator= (example) using Loud.h
• Member vs. non-member functions in Complex
• private (lousy default)/public/protected inheritance
• Multiple inheritance
• Friendship is not inherited
• There is no Object class.
• Reflection: typeid() & type_info (example)

gtkmm lab

• Virtual inheritance
• The Dreaded Diamond
• Examples

• Review HW3

Programming paradigms:

• Imperative
• Declarative
• Event-driven examples

• Error handling the old-fashioned way:
  • exit
  • abort
  • assert
  • signal
  • divide
• Exception handling examples:
  • throw
  • try #1
  • try #2
  • catch #1
  • catch #2
  • rethrow
• The <stdexcept> header file.

• Quiz 2
• Discuss HW4
• auto_ptr example
• Boost smart pointers example

Namespaces:

• Access a whole namespace: using namespace std;
• Access a class: using std::ofstream;
• Access a symbol: using std::cout;
• The std namespace: std::string
• The global namespace: ::bar
• <math.h> vs. <cmath>
• Namespaces are open, classes are closed
• std is closed, anyway
• Nested namespaces
• The anonymous namespace
• Libraries & namespaces
• Namespace aliases: namespace HP = Hewlett_Packard;
• Symbol resolution & namespace ambiguity

• Today is the last withdrawal date
• Class hierarchy
• I/O Header Files
• typedef basic_foo<char> foo;
• typedef basic_foo<wchar_t> wfoo;

ios:

• State: «ios::good(cpp)» / «ios::eof(cpp)» / «ios::fail(cpp)» / «ios::bad(cpp)»
• ios has no open() method
• Misuse of «ios::eof(cpp)»
• Stream as a bool / void *

ostream:

• «ostream::put(cpp)» / «ostream::write(cpp)»
• «ostream::seekp(cpp)» / «ostream::tellp(cpp)»
• manipulators (formatted output example)

istream:

• «istream::get(cpp)» / «istream::unget(cpp)» / «istream::peek(cpp)»
• istream::get() vs. cin >> c
• «istream::getline(cpp)»
• «istream::ignore(cpp)»
• «istream::seekg(cpp)» / «istream::tellg(cpp)»

• Review HW4

fstream:

• Misuse of «fstream::open(cpp)»

stringstream:

• «stringstream::str(cpp)»
• Using stringstream for general conversion

Serialization, lack of

• Law of the Big Three
• self-assignment (example)
• Interpreting g++ syntax errors

RAII:

• It’s a Design Pattern
• Acquisition - Use - Release
• Use RAII when you think “Don’t forget to ...”
• Simplicity of description/state
• Immune to early return/throw
• Examples:
  • autoptr to dynamic memory
  • file handle / socket / database / other OS resources
  • mutex (lock)
  • list membership

Mixins:

• is-a, but not really
• Make the ctor/dtor protected
• override new/delete
• noncopyable / noninstantiatable
• loudness for debugging
• timestamp
• ID number
• serialization
• Alternative ways to achieve the same goal

• Review for midterm

• Second midterm

• Discuss HW5
• Review second midterm
• Introduction to templates

• Templates use Duck Typing
• A class can provide: methods, variables, constants, types
• Iterators:
  • InputIterator
  • OutputIterator
  • ForwardIterator
  • BidirectionalIterator
  • RandomAccessIterator
  • begin / end
  • Don’t compare using <
  • Invalidation

• Standard containers (STL):
  • string
  • vector
  • list
  • set / multiset
  • map / multimap
  • deque (oddly, not dequeue)
  • stack
  • queue

• Non-standard containers:
  • slist
  • rope
  • hash_set / hash_multiset / hash_map / hash_multimap
  • unordered_set / unordered_multiset / unordered_map / unordered_multimap
• Common container methods:
  • ctor(iter, iter)
  • ctor(n)
  • empty()
  • size()
  • clear()
  • begin() / end() / rbegin() / rend()

• Ch. 10: STL
• Slides by Fred Kuhns, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
  • STL 1
  • STL 2
  • STL 3
  • STL 4
• Power up C++ with the Standard Template Library: Part I, by D. Korolev
• Power up C++ with the Standard Template Library: Part II: Advanced Uses, by D. Korolev

• pair and make_pair
• algorithms
• functors

• Review HW5
• Functor example
• More algorithms

• More algorithms
• Case study: die

• Quiz 3
• Discuss HW6

• typename (example)
• Interface between a container & iterator, using a singly-linked list
• How best to approach HW6

• Case study: flexi

Alpha Op Lab
Help with HW6

• Input/Output/Inserter Iterators:
  • istream_iterator
  • ostream_iterator
  • insert_iterator inserter
  • front_inserter back_inserter
• Standard functors:
  • plus minus multiplies divides
  • negate
  • less greater less_equal greater_equal equal_to not_equal_to
  • logical_and logical_or logical_not

• CheapVector: container/iterator relationship
• Sorting with functors

• Functor attributes:
  unary_function binary_function
• Functor adaptors:
  • bind1st (example) bind2nd
  • not1 not2
  • mem_fun ptr_fun
• C++0x: A Quick and Dirty Introduction,
  by O. Maudal and L. G. Bjonnes
• New C++11 features:
  • nullptr
  • range-based for loop
  • initializer lists
  • auto / decltype
  • static_assert
  • regular expressions
  • new string literals
  • explicitly-defaulted and deleted member functions
• g++ progress in C++11

UML Lab
Review for final exam

• Review HW6

• Review for final exam
• ASCSU Surveys

• Final exam 7:30–9:30ᴀᴍ, same room as lecture